Merck Case

Pharmaceuticals: Merck Sustaining Long-term Advantage Through Information Technology Hiroshi Amari Working Paper No. 161 Working Paper Series Center on Japanese Economy and Business Columbia Business School December 1998 Columbia-Yale Project: Use of Software to Achieve Competitive Advantage PHARMACEUTICALS: MERCK Sustaining Long-term Advantage Through Information Technology Prepared by Hiroshi Amari Research Associate, Yale University William V. Rapp and Hugh T. Patrick Co-chief Project InvestigatorsCenter for International and Area Studies Yale University New Haven, CT 06520 203-432-9395 (Fax: 5963) email: william. [emailâ protected] edu Revised December 1998 Table of Contents 1. Presentation: Objective of this Study 2. The Pharmaceutical Industry in a Global Context 3. Item R&D and Clinical Trials 4. Assembling and Process R&D 5. Mechanical Factors Structure-Based Drug (â€Å"Rational Drug†) Design Structure-Based Drug (â€Å"Rational Drug†) Design 6. Merck 7. Administrative Decision Making 8. Dynamic on IT anticipates 9. Joint Ventures 10. Data Technology and Organization 11.Appendix I †Summary Answers to Questions for Merck †Strategy and Operations 12. Supplement II †INDUSTRY AND FIRM BUSINESS DATA 13. Reference index 2 Introduction: Objective of this Study This contextual analysis of Merck was finished under a multi year research award from the Sloan Foundation. The undertaking's motivation is to look at in a progression of contextual investigations how U. S. furthermore, Japanese firms who are perceived pioneers in utilizing data innovation to accomplish long haul practical bit of leeway have sorted out and dealt with this procedure. While each case is finished in itself, each is a piece of this bigger examination. This pharmaceutical industry case along with other cases2 bolster an underlying exploration speculation that driving programming clients in both the U. S. also, Japan are modern in the manners in which the y have incorporated programming into their administration methodologies and use it to standardize authoritative qualities and catch unsaid information on an iterative premise. In Japan this technique has included overwhelming dependence on tweaked and semicustomized programming (Rapp 1995) yet is changing towards a progressively specific utilization of bundle programming oversaw by means of redid frameworks. Thusly, U. S. ounterparts, for example, Merck, who have regularly depended more on bundled programming, are accomplishing more customization, particularly for frameworks expected to incorporate programming bundles into something all the more firmly connected with their business systems, markets, and hierarchical structure. In this manner, originating from various bearings, there shows up some union in approach by these driving programming clients. The cases in this manner affirm what some different experts have guessed, a reasonable business procedure is an important condition f or a fruitful data innovation methodology (Wold and Shriver 1993). These vital connections for Merck are introduced in the accompanying case. Ventures and firms analyzed are food retailing (Ito-Yokado and H. Butts), semiconductors (NEC and AMD), pharmaceuticals (Takeda and Merck), retail banking (Sanwa and Citibank), venture banking (Nomura and Credit Suisse First Boston), disaster protection (Meiji and USAA), cars (Toyota), steel (smaller than expected factories and coordinated plants, Nippon Steel, Tokyo Steel and Nucor), and clothing retailing (WalMart). The case essayist and the examination group wish to communicate their gratefulness to the Alfred P.Sloan Foundation for making this work conceivable and to the Sloan business places for their important help. They particularly welcome the time and direction given by the middle for research on pharmaceuticals at MTT just as Mr. Sato at Takeda. This alludes to cases for which meetings have been finished. See reference 3. These and o ther rundown results are introduced in another Center on Japanese Economy and Business working paper: William V. Rapp, â€Å"Gaining and Sustaining Long-term Advantage Through Information Technology: The Emergence of Controlled Production,† December 1998 technique (Wold and Shriver 1993). 3 These vital connections for Merck are introduced in the accompanying case. However this case alongside different cases additionally outlines that usage and plan of each organization's product and programming methodology is one of a kind to its serious circumstance, industry and key targets. These variables impact how they pick among bundled and altered programming alternatives for accomplishing explicit objectives and how they measure their success.Indeed, as a major aspect of their key reconciliation, Merck and the other driving programming clients met have connected their product systems with their general administration objectives through clear statements of purpose that expressly note the significance of data innovation to firm achievement. They have coupled this with dynamic CIO (Chief Information Officer) and IT (data innovation) bolster bunch cooperation in the association's business and dynamic structure.Thus for firms like Merck the absolutely free MIS (Management Information Systems) office is a relic of past times. This might be one motivation behind why re-appropriating for them has not been a genuine alternative, however their fruitful business execution did not depend exclusively on programming. Or maybe as will be portrayed underneath programming is an essential component of their general administration procedure and assumes a key job in serving corporate objectives, for example, upgrading efficiency, improving stock administration or fortifying client relations.These frameworks accordingly should be combined with a suitable way to deal with assembling, R, and advertising mirroring Merck's away from of their business, their industry and their company's serious qualities inside this unique situation. This unmistakable business vision has empowered them to choose, create and utilize the product they require for every business work and to coordinate these into an all out emotionally supportive network for their activities to accomplish corporate goals. Since this vision impacts other corporateThese and other outline results are introduced in another Center on Japanese Economy and Business working paper: William V. Rapp, â€Å"Gaining and Sustaining Long-term Advantage Through Information Technology: The Emergence of Controlled Production,† December 1998 3 4 choices, they have great human asset and money related attributes as well (Appendix I and ii). However Merck shares some normal subjects with other driving programming clients, for example, the making of enormous exclusive intuitive databases that advance programmed criticism between different stages as well as players in the creation, conveyance and utilization process.Th eir capacity to utilize IT to decrease inventories and improve control of the creation procedure are likewise basic to other driving programming clients. They are likewise capable authoritatively and seriously to fabricate gainful criticism cycles or circles that expansion efficiency in regions as various as R, structure and assembling while at the same time decreasing process durations and deformities or incorporating creation and conveyance. Improved process durations lessen costs yet increment the dependability of figures since they have to cover a shorter period.Customer fulfillment and lower inventories are improved through on-time conveyance. Accordingly, programming inputs are basic factors in Merck's and other driving clients' general business methodologies with solid positive serious ramifications for doing it effectively and possibly negative ramifications for contenders. A significant thought in this regard is the conceivable rise of another vital assembling worldview in which Merck is most likely a main participant.In a similar way large scale manufacturing drastically enhanced specialty creation through the economies of huge scope plants that created and utilized normalized parts and lean creation enhanced large scale manufacturing through creation the creation line increasingly persistent, diminishing inventories and tying creation all the more near genuine interest, what may be called â€Å"controlled† creation appears to essentially improve profitability through observing, controlling and connecting each part of delivering and conveying an item or administration including after deals administration and repair.Such controlled creation is just conceivable by effectively utilizing data innovation and programming frameworks to constantly give the checking and control capacity whatever had recently been a somewhat programmed framework reaction to changes in 5 expected or real shopper request. This might be the reason their capable utilization of data innovation is seen without anyone else and industry investigators as imperative to their business achievement, however just when it is coordinated with the business from both an activity and association point of view mirroring their general business procedure and lucidity of serious vision.Therefore at Merck the product and frameworks improvement individuals are a piece of the dynamic structure while the framework itself is a necessary piece of arranging, conveying and supporting its medication pipeline from R through to deals post FDA endorsement. This arrangement is especially basic in pharmaceuticals where much after clinical preliminaries there is a constant need to screen possible symptoms. Subsequently Seagate Technology might be right for Merck too when they state in their 1997 Annual Report â€Å"We are encountering another modern upheaval, one more remarkable than any before it.In this rising advanced universe of the Third Millennium, the new money will be data. H ow we bridle it will mean the distinction among progress and disappointment, between having upper hand and being a likewise ran. † For Merck's situation, similarly as with the other driving programming clients analyzed, the way to utilizing programming effectively is to build up a blend of bundled and altered programming that bolsters their business systems and separates them from contenders. In any case, they have made an effort not to adjust their authoritative structure to t

Special Interests Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words - 2

Uncommon Interests - Essay Example These intrigue bunches campaign the individuals inside authoritative bodies with the goal that the work spaces are supported for the ideological groups. They assume their job at realizing those legislators to control who will comprehend their motivation and thus have a feeling of sympathy for what they are raising their voice for. These intrigue bunches additionally do mystery exercises with the goal that specific work zones can be focused on. Having said as much, these intrigue bunches have the skill of contending inside open promulgation territories where such crusades are an ordinary standard. Since the conversation fixates on these intrigue gatherings, the need is to grasp the various kinds of these intrigue gatherings. Right off the bat, there are the financial intrigue bunches which consider the changed worker's guilds, the assorted offices of trade and ventures and a couple of different strict gatherings. These intrigue bunches additionally carry with them some expert affiliat ions which incorporate inside them talented specialists like specialists, planners, legal counselors and different experts who are making their imprint. The third sort is contained the open intrigue bunches which incorporates people who are basically the companions of the earth and are assuming their critical job inside the elevating of the expectations for everyday comforts of the individuals. The fourth and last is a specific vested party which is to a greater degree a subgroup which frames under the sponsorship of a bigger gathering and has a much limited intrigue zone. These intrigue bunches endeavor to give a valiant effort as far as guarding the state of affairs just as to continue the equivalent over a timeframe. Thus, these intrigue bunches are held in isolated vein from the weight bunches which exist inside the fore of any general public nowadays (Wilcox, 2005). Since these intrigue bunches have a specific definition behind their foundation, their supporters straightforward ly speak more loudly from time to time. They accept resolutely in the presence of these intrigue bunches which is a fascinating suggestion since they speak to these intrigue gatherings and would go as far as possible to advise individuals to come and join a typical reason. Therefore, a few people accept that these intrigue bunches are organized to serve a shrouded motivation, which might possibly be valid consistently. This is on the grounds that their quirks are very abnormal to express the least and consequently numerous conclusions do come to fruition by the individuals inside a network or society concern (Cigler, 2011). To cite a few models, a portion of the more prestigious intrigue bunches incorporate the ASH which fills in as a lawful activity arm inside the nonsmoking network. It expects to bring or join inside various lawful activities that worry smoking just as ensuring towards the way that the voice of the nonsmoker is constantly heard noisy and clear. The nonsmokers†™ rights development is dealt with by ASH generally. What's more, GLAAD advances and recommends a balance premise as far as reasonable, precise and comprehensive portrayal of individuals just as occasions inside the various media structures (Pallotta, 2012). The mission behind GLAAD is to get rid of homophobia and separation premise towards sexual direction and sex personality. 2. Examine the connection between intrigue gatherings and ideological groups. The relationship that exists between intrigue gatherings and ideological groups is a wellspring of motivation to the extent the endeavors of the intrigue gatherings

Blog Archive University of Virginia (Darden) Essay Analysis, 20112012

Blog Archive University of Virginia (Darden) Essay Analysis, 2011â€"2012 The Darden School of Business at the University of Virginia is certainly minimizing its focus on its essays this year, offering only one essay question as part of its 2011â€"2012 MBA application. In fact, the school is potentially narrowing its scope so much that candidates who have difficulty answering its one and only question may ultimately be discouraged from applying. We are going to be bold and predict now that more than one essay question will be posed next year. Time will tell.   Share your perspective on leadership in the workplace and describe how it has been shaped by the increasing influence of globalization.  (500 words maximum) As you present your view on leadership in the workplace for this essay, take care to avoid writing about leadership in a vacuum. Your perspective should incorporate your personal experience, possibly including reflections on interesting and innovative examples of leaders you have known firsthand, or even some (diplomatically addressed) negative examples of leadership that you have witnessed. For many, integrating globalization into this discussion will be challenging, but fortunately, globalization is a very broad term that is malleable and can therefore be thoughtfully applied in most situations. Everything from layoffs at a firm to introducing a new product to a leader coaching a challenging employee could arguably fall under the purview of globalization. Of course, just making the association between leadership and globalization will not be enoughâ€"your description of that connection will need to be meaningful and reveal that you fundamentally understand both the kinds of issues a true leader faces and the responsibilities he/she subsequently holds. Share ThisTweet 2011-2012 MBA Essay Analysis University of Virginia (Darden)

Case Study of Arthur Andersen - 1399 Words

Business Ethics Decision-Making Cases Write-ups Arthur Andersen: Questionable Accounting Practices Name: Wen Jiangshan Student ID:2011008274 Part I. Summary of the case Case 2 mainly introduces how Arthur Andersen, who used to be one of the â€Å"Big Five† largest accounting firms in the United States, strayed away from accepted policies and stuck in a string of accounting scandals, finally closed its doors after 90 years of business. The firm’s name was synonymous with trust, integrity and ethics during a long period of time, however, Andersen failed to withstand the pressure from the competition of consulting service. Thus, it leaded to a negative influence on Andersens corporate culture, which enabled†¦show more content†¦|Failed to address serious accounting errors |Agreed to pay $110 million to resolve the | | |Andersen | |claims | | | |Company’s senior management aided and abetted | | | | |others’ violations of antifraud, reporting and| | | |Waste Management |record keeping provisions of federal |$20.5 billion losses to shareholders | | | |securities laws; $1.4 billion of overstated |11,000 employees were laid off | | | |earnings | | |3 | | | | | | |Assisted in the fraud by repeatedly issuing |Paid $220 million to Waste Management | | | |unqualified audit opinions on Waste |shareholders and $7 million to the SEC | | |Arthur |Management’s materially misleading financial |Was forced to promise not to sign off on | | |Andersen |statementsShow MoreRelatedCapstone Case Study – Arthur Andersen LLP Essay1871 Words   |  8 Pagesï » ¿Individual Project Capstone Case Study – Arthur Andersen LLP Bus 680 – Economics for Business Decisions Summer 2013 1. Discuss the environmental, strategic and organizational changes that occurred over the life of Andersen in the context of figure 11.1. While Andersen started off as a stable environment, once changes started being made to the main focus of the company many changes were expedited. While still successful in it’s auditing business, other opportunities arose that allowed for quickerRead MoreImportance of External Auditors1110 Words   |  5 PagesThe aim of this essay is to study the function of external auditors in order to analyze why it is important to be independent. The primary mission of external auditors is to review and evaluate all the financial records of a company or corporation. They provide an objective opinion on the organization’s financial statement and effectiveness of the accounting polices in order to help management to make decisions. If the independence of the external auditors is impaired, the public will doubt the qualityRead MoreCorporate Culture Of Enron And Bankruptcy1327 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction The case study is about Enron and about their biggest failure that lead the company towards bankruptcy. Enron got bankrupt to the extent that was no point of returning back and reversing its wrong doings. The only thing that the company had to think about was how to return the losses of its creditors. Enron Corp. was left with $12 billion in assets which was to be distributed among more than 20,000 creditors. Around 80% of creditors of Enron backed the long-awaited reorganization planRead MoreWaste Management Audit Failure1399 Words   |  6 Pagesauditor, Arthur Andersen LLP, provided clean audit reports on the company’s materially false and misleading annual financial statements. The auditing company was fined $7 million for their role in the fraud. 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The scandal also affected the greater business world by causing the dissolution of the Arthur Andersen accounting company. This report will reveal the whole story of Enron scam and auditors role from the situation in more depth. It will also include the current situation of those responsible for the fraud. 2. Background of U.S in 1990s TheRead MoreCorporate Scandals and the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 20023268 Words   |  14 Pagesdecade is Arthur Andersen. These corporate accounting scandals resulted in costing investors billions of dollars when the share prices of the affected companies collapsed. In response to the public outcry regarding loss of investments through these scandals, Jain and Rezaee (2006) stated that the US federal law known as the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 was enacted on July 30th, 2002 to strengthen corporate governance and restore investors’ trust in the capital market. Objective of the study This paper

Faith in Kingsolvers Poisonwood Bible Essay - 661 Words

Faith in Kingsolvers Poisonwood Bible Throughout the Poisonwood Bible, Kingsolver utilizes the experience of the Congo to enhance and rediscover the faith of three of the Price daughters. At the age of fifteen, Rachel, the Prices oldest child, reveals her true beliefs of her religion through her petulant remarks of the Congo. During her stay in Africa, Rachel only talks of possessions she left behind. Rachel misses items such as toilet paper and sets of clean clothes. She, however, doesnt mention the bible in the list of items she longs for. She believes that the only method of survival is not to adapt to the conditions and surroundings. Rachel states, The way I see Africa, you dont have to like it but you sure have to admit†¦show more content†¦Ruth May is the innocent one and her words and actions deceive the guilty, her family. She acts as the means that separate the family apart. Her religion is found in her innocence, which keep her from the hardships that surrounds her. Ruth May doesnt understand the Bible to its full content at age five, however Gods spirit is present in her aura which allows her pureness to bless others around her. When she plays her games, it seems as though the Congolese feel her pure spirit and therefore join her in the act, something they would never do with another white. Ruth May symbolizes how the spirit of God affects the lives of those who cannot reject him, for due to their ignorance they dont follow him. Leah, the tomboy of the family, opposes her fathers mission and finds out the true man he really is; this changes her opinion towards religion. Leah puts forth tremendous effort to be accepted by her father, however then realizes that her father is an ugly man. She sees that her fathers blue eyes with their left sided squint..had a vacant look. His large reddish ears repelled me. My father was a simple, ugly man. When Leah was younger she practiced religion based on her fathers perspective, however after making the realization of her fathers true colors, she chooses to practice her religion. Leah follows the path of theShow MoreRelatedBiblical Allusion In The Poisonwood Bible908 Words   |  4 Pages Biblical Allusion In The Poisonwood Bible In The Poisonwood Bible, written by Barbara Kingsolver, the aspect of biblical allusion is clearly present throughout the majority of the novel. For example, one of the most conspicuous allusions to the Bible is the way that Kingsolver has purposely named some of the main characters in her book after different people and images in the Bible. Kingsolver uses this biblical allusion to develop important themes, events, and characters in her novel. KingsolverRead MoreThe Poisonwood Bible in the European Conquest in Africa1226 Words   |  5 Pagescraved to influence vulnerable and poverty-ridden nations like Africa as these natives were easily to manipulate. A desire to spread and influence western ideology, specifically Christianity, to rural nations is depicted in Barbra Kingsolvers novel The Poisonwood Bible. Kingsolver portrays an American missionary Reverend Price and his family as they attempt to spread and make a significant impact on the people of the Belgian Congo, whom the Reverend describes as a place where he can save needyRead MorePoisonwood Bible Analysis920 Words   |  4 Pages No one is truly understood until they are described from many points of view .In Barbara Kingsolver’s The Poisonwood Bible, she uses Nathan Price to create her conflict between the cultures of America and the Congo. However, she never gives Nathan a voice. Rather, he is described through his wife and four children. 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Even though atheists are technically smarter than Christians, they have not explicitly relied on God to attain happiness. Being smart is good; does this contradict with the ideology that our relationship with God truly makes us pure? Because atheists do not claim to have a relationship with God, they do not achieve the good that God teaches us to have. In the Holy Bible, everything that is described

Short Story - 1231 Words

A warm breath tickled the hairs on the alphas neck. He frowned and straightened his back slowly opening his eyes. A pair of dusty blue eyes stared right back at him. The alpha frowned and turned over holding back a yawn. â€Å"What Louis?† He grumbled trying not to sound too harsh. It was the middle of the night the last thing he wanted was to be woken up, even if it was by his omega. The boy whimpered and began to tug at Harrys arm. He frowned and sat up. Louis jumped back slightly scared of Harry. The two stared at each other for a moment before Louis crawled towards him again snuggling up against his chest. Harry sighed and wrapped one arm around the boy. â€Å"What do you want pup?† He sighed. Louis was silent. He hummed happily†¦show more content†¦Ã¢â‚¬Å"What’s wrong Louis?† He asked nervously as he continued to stroke. The boys body tensed and he arched his back â€Å"Do you hurt Louis?† The boy nodded quickly pushing himself closer. There was another sniffle followed by a loud gulp. Harry froze realizing what was happening. He quickly shook his head. â€Å"Louis, you are alright. I am going to help you.† He said calmly moving the boy off his lap. He moved the pillow under his head and began to removed his briefs all the way. He didn’t want Louis to breakdown. He figured it was memories of Sterling again. He assumed that maybe in the past he wasn’t given proper help during his heats and was having flashbacks. He moved over Louis forcing eye contact. â€Å"What do you need? I can give a blowjob, continue to jerk you, I can fuck you, I can do whatever you need.† Harry offered. Louis stared up at him opening his eyes slightly. He relaxed his body tipping back his head. â€Å"Blow.† Louis grumbled. Harry nodded understanding what the boy wanted. He lowered his head and took the boy in his mouth. It didn’t take long at all for Louis to cum. It concerned the alpha slightly but not much. He swallowed every last drop licking the boy clean. He finally was able to lift his head and looked down at his omega. Louis was shaking slightly. His eyes were shut and his lips parted. His bottom hurt and his legs tingled slightly. He just wanted to sleep but his body wouldn’t let him. He was exhausted. The heat was more enjoyable with HarryShow MoreRelatedshort story1018 Words   |  5 Pagesï » ¿Short Stories:  Ã‚  Characteristics †¢Short  - Can usually be read in one sitting. †¢Concise:  Ã‚  Information offered in the story is relevant to the tale being told.  Ã‚  This is unlike a novel, where the story can diverge from the main plot †¢Usually tries to leave behind a  single impression  or effect.  Ã‚  Usually, though not always built around one character, place, idea, or act. †¢Because they are concise, writers depend on the reader bringing  personal experiences  and  prior knowledge  to the story. 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The New Century Wellness Group System Analysis and Design - Samples

Question: Discuss about the New Century Wellness Group System Analysis and Design. Answer: Introduction: Information system is a part of information and communication technology that concentrates on reducing the efforts of carrying out business process and increasing business efficiency. Within the report the information system has been developed for New Century Wellness Group. The report consists of system requirements, fact finding methods and feasibility study. Along with these, the report holds the modelling like context diagram, DFD level 0 diagram and ERD. System Requirements: Functional and non-functional are the two basic requirements of the system that has been addressed within this part of the report. Functional Requirements: Login: Login is the basic functionality of the system as it will allow the system to determine which data to be provided which user. The login will be done through different id and passwords provided to individual users. Registration: in order to identify the users, the database must have the id and password stored in the database against a user. This data will be inputted to the system through registration. Reports: The reports are a very crucial part of the system. The reports are generated through the data collection process and representation. Different kinds of reports will be generated for different users. The patient will receive patient statement, daily appointment list for the providers and many more. Database: The database is the technology that stores the information gathered from the user end and other sources. These data can be retrieved from any time as required. The access to the database will be restricted through various protocols. The database will connected to the system directly and will be holding the data for a very long period of time. Audit: The audit is the examination of organizations accounts, particularly through an independent body. The system will be carrying out the audit process automatically thus saving the time of the employees to concentrate on the core processes. Email and Text Sending: The system must be able to send the send the mails and texts to the patients. The system will be holding the mobile numbers and email address of the individual patients in the database. In case of need, the system will retrieve the contact information and send the messages to the patient. Non-Functional Requirements: Security: The security is a crucial non-functional requirement of the system. The system should be configured in such a way that it can prevent most of cyber-attacks. If the system is not able to prevent the task then it would shut down itself to prevent data theft. The security will be implemented in various layers to protect the system, server, database and other parts differently. Data Flow in Real Time: The data flow is the requirements of the system to transmit data to different users. The data flow determines the quality of the system and ensures user satisfaction. If the system is not able to flow information to the requested user accurately and within time then it would considered as failure of the system. Availability: The system is responsible for carrying out different processes and request of users. The system can be accessed by the user at any time of the day. For this reason the system has to be available to the users 24*7. Scalability: The system must be able to use resources as per the business requirements. This will result into resource saving in case of lean months. The scalability is the functional requirement that makes the system profitable for the business. Recoverability: Data corruption and lost is a fundamental part of the information system. The system will be connected to a data backup/recovery and disaster recovery process that will allow the system to collect the required data anytime needed. Data Integrity: Data integrity sets the quality parameter of the system. The data that will be accepted by the system will be filtered and checked for its integrity. If the data passes all the tests then it will be accepted by the system and stored in the database. Fact Finding Methods: Fact finding can be referred to the process of collecting information and data in the basis of the methods that holds present research, document, observation, interviews, questionnaire and many other samples. Three kind of fact finding methods will be used within the report are such as research and site visits, questionnaire and interviews. Research and site visits: This fact-finding process, research and site visits, refers to the way toward analyzing the problems that had beforehand measured through different causes that may be reports or participants. In term of handling the prerequisites of problem in new century wellness group system, the investigator goes to other enterprise that has already implemented the similar system and gather information regarding the present issues (Zikmund, Babin, Carr and Griffin 2013). Moreover, the examiner can similar identify the information from database, contextual analyses, reference books as well as Internet. Advantages: This process is very beneficial in terms of saving effort and time as the required information is gathered before project implementation. The expert is able to identify the mitigation process to the potential issues. Disadvantage: Need specialist to get to the suitable wellspring of data. Questionnaire: Polls are likewise one of helpful certainty discovering new century wellness group system in terms of collecting information from a vast amount participants. Participants are questioned by the system analyst regrinding their interest, what they want and how they want the system to perform serves as a great source of providing the exact data to the project manager (Abel, Deitz and Su 2014). Questionnaires are very effective as the system analyst does not need to contact with each of the participants individually and further issues can be mitigated through short interviews. To satisfy the necessities of the framework objective, framework expert ought to be able to obviously characterize the outline and edge of polls. Advantages: Individuals is able to fill the frameworks and provide solutions openly to the system analyst. Disadvantage: If the participants are not able provide the proper answers to the questions with full integrity then the system design will be affected. Interviews: Interviews are mostly used for gathering the data, from the participants and stakeholders, which are not possible to collect from the questionnaire (Soto 2016). The purpose of the interview is to identify business related core data. This process is also assisting in determining which information, gathered from questionnaire, is to be considered and which is to be not. The interview is very effective in terms of collecting the thoughts and views of the stakeholders regarding a project and the proposed system. Talking procedure needs great relational abilities for cooperation between framework examiner and client. Advantages: People can fill the structures and give answers straightforwardly to the master. Disadvantage: Insufficient answers will be gotten from customers. Master cannot watch the non-verbal correspondence of customer responses. Feasibility Study: Operational: the operations of the business will be improved through the implementation of the system. Technical: the system will allow the business to be technically improved and process data as per business requirements. Economic: the cost benefit analysis will show that the system will be providing profit from the send year of installation. Schedule: the implementation process is time efficient. Modelling Exercises: Level 0 Data Flow Diagram: Data Stores Entities Insurance Carriers Office Staff American Medical Association Insurance Company Provider Payments Provider Patient Household Patient Insurance Company Providers Provider Conclusion: The report concludes that the information system proposed for new century wellness group is a great way of modifying the patient care. The system will be able to provide the solutions to the issues that the organization is facing. The report is consisting of all the relevant information. The idea regarding the system has been very clear for the system design and analysis. Bibliography: Abel, J.R., Deitz, R. and Su, Y., 2014. Are recent college graduates finding good jobs?. Bogers, M. and Horst, W., 2014. Collaborative prototyping: Cross?fertilization of knowledge in prototype?driven problem solving. Journal of Product Innovation Management, 31(4), pp.744-764. Cagiltay, N.E., Tokdemir, G., Kilic, O. and Topalli, D., 2013. Performing and analyzing non-formal inspections of entity relationship diagram (ERD). Journal of Systems and Software, 86(8), pp.2184-2195. Dabbagh, M. and Lee, S.P., 2014. An approach for integrating the prioritization of functional and nonfunctional requirements. The Scientific World Journal, 2014. Olayan, N. and Yamamoto, S., 2014. A Consistency Check of Dependability Case (D-case) Produced from Data Flow Diagram (DFD). In Joint Conference on Knowledge-Based Software Engineering (pp. 603-616). Springer, Cham. Rahman, M. and Ripon, S., 2014. Elicitation and modeling non-functional requirements-a POS case study. arXiv preprint arXiv:1403.1936. Soto, A., 2016. Centennial CelebrationAn Interview With Dr Ana Soto on 25 Years of Research on Endocrine-Disrupting Chemicals. Mol Endocrinol, 30(8), pp.829-832. Wei, F., Roy, S. and Ou, X., 2014. Amandroid: A precise and general inter-component data flow analysis framework for security vetting of android apps. In Proceedings of the 2014 ACM SIGSAC Conference on Computer and Communications Security (pp. 1329-1341). ACM. Zikmund, W.G., Babin, B.J., Carr, J.C. and Griffin, M., 2013. Business research methods. Cengage Learning.

35 Literary Devices and Literary Terms (with Definitions and Examples)

35 Literary Devices and Literary Terms (with Definitions and Examples) 35 Literary Devices and Literary Terms (with Definitions and Examples) A clear list of literary devices is a good resource for any writer to have on hand. Strong device usage can help elevate a book from a story people forget, to a piece of literature that stays with them long after they've turned the final page.After all, in  As You Like It, Shakespeare could have simply written, "Everyone has a role in life." But instead, he used a literary device and penned one of the famous metaphors of all time:All the world’s a stage And all the men and women merely playersAnd the rest is history. 35+ literary devices to turn you into Shakespeare What are literary devices?Literary devices are tools writers use to express their ideas with artistic depth. These devices can clarify and emphasize concepts, create resonance within a narrative, and invite readers to dig a little deeper into the story’s themes.While all of the tools below fall under the umbrella of â€Å"literary devices,† the purpose and impact of them varies wildly. Some might underscore a narrative and work on an intellectual level, while others have more of a subtle, visceral, or emotional effect. Finally, they might also work to simply enhance the flow and pacing of your writing. No matter what, if you're looking to inject something special into your prose, literary devices are a great place to start. You can also check out our list of 30 rhetorical devices right here!List of literary devices1. AllegoryThe Tortoise and the Hare is about more than just a turtle, a rabbit, and a race. It also aims to teach the lesson: slow and steady wins the race. That’s what an allegory does  - it’s a type of narrative that uses characters and plot to exemplify abstract ideas and themes, such as patience. In an allegorical story, events and characters tend to represent more than they appear on the surface.Example: Animal Farm by George Orwell. This dystopian novella is one of modern literature’s best-known allegories. A commentary on the events leading up to Stalin's rise and the formation of the Soviet Union, the pigs at the heart of the novel blatantly represent figures such as Stalin, Trotsky, and Molotov. Litotes (pronounced lie-toe-teez) is the signature literary device of the double negative. Writers use litotes to express certain sentiments through their opposites, by saying that that opposite is not the case. Don’t worry, it makes more sense with the examples. Example: â€Å"You won’t be sorry† (meaning you’ll be happy); â€Å"you’re not wrong† (meaning you’re right); â€Å"I didn’t not like it† (meaning I did)21. MalapropismIf Shakespeare is the king of metaphors, Michael Scott is the king of malapropisms. This is when similar-sounding words replace their appropriate counterparts, typically to comic effect - one of the most commonly cited is â€Å"dance a flamingo,† rather than a â€Å"flamenco.† Malapropisms are usually employed in dialogue when a character flubs up their speech.Example: â€Å"I am not to be truffled with.† Similar term: metonymy 35+ literary devices to lend resonance to your writing Readers and writers alike can get a lot out of understanding literary devices and how they're commonly used. If you’re a reader, you can use this knowledge to your advantage, as you pore over fiction and gain insight into the author’s intended meaning and motivation behind their work. Meanwhile, writers can use literary devices to connect with readers, giving their words a boosted opportunity of providing audiences with lasting meaning.Have you ever struggled to use a literary device in your writing? Let's get technical - share your questions or thoughts in the comments below!

Destruction of the Buddah essays

Destruction of the Buddah essays This week we talked about the Taliban destruction of the Buddha's and we heard a lecture from a local artist professor. I wasn't all that impressed with the lecture that we had from Mark Emerson. Oh, his art was interesting, but I would have liked to have asked some questions regarding the thought processes that go into creating art. It seems that it would be very similar to the process that I go through when I step into the lab to perform an experiment. There is a lot of creativity in my deciding how to conduct an experiment and often times, I have to change my technique, materials and methods mid-stream. Also, like one of the paintings that Mr. Emerson showed in class, much of scientific discovery is trial and error and accident. I was really disturbed by some of what my classmates had to say in regards to the destruction of the Buddha's. There were a couple of people that felt that because the Taliban were in control of Afghanistan, that meant that they had the right to destroy the Buddha's. On one level, you could make the case that the Taliban had the right to destroy the statues, but was it right to destroy them? Several of my classmates seem to have thought that it was OK to do so. I think that this whole debate has implications for much of what is taking place here in the United States since September 11, 2001. Yes, the government is in "control" of the land and on some level, the people, but do they have the right to monitor and record our cell phone calls? Does the government have the right to dump nuclear waste products at Yucca Mountain, Arizona? What I am saying is that I wish that my classmates would think in these terms before deciding if some action is right or wrong. There was this cartoon t hat I saw in a magazine 12 or 13 years ago that sums it up perfectly. In it, this chef was about to place a lobster in a pot of boiling water and as he was doing this, he was apologizing to the lobster and saying that he had no ...

Book Review on the Gospel according to Mattew Essay

Book Review on the Gospel according to Mattew - Essay Example Just like Paul who had a Hebrew name Shaoul, Matthew had Levi as his original name. Matthew, son of Alpheus (Mark 2:14) came from Galilee. However, he is thought to have lived in Antioch, Syria. He collected taxes for Herod Antipas, a Jewish leader, ruler of Galilee and Peraea between 4 BCE and 39 CE.1 Just after following Jesus, Matthew held a feast in his house where tax collectors and sinners recline at the table with the Christ and his disciples. This is where Jesus drew protest from the Pharisees. The author, however, had a great influence on the development of Christianity. It based most of his writing on Mark’s gospel.2 The Gospel of Matthew is the first book in the 27 books of the New Testament. In the New Testament, the following books are Matthew, Mark, Luke, John, The Acts, Romans, 1 Corinthians, 2 Corinthians, Galatians, Ephesians, Philippians, Colossians, 1 Thessalonians, 2 Thessalonians, 1 Timothy, 2 Timothy, Titus, Philemon, Hebrews, James, 1 Peter, 2 Peter, 1 John, 2 John , 3 John, Jude, Revelation. Aside from one of the first twelve disciples of Jesus (Matthew 9:1; 10:1-4) and an eye-witness, Matthew records more of Jesus teaching concerning Gods heavenly kingdom than the other writers, for example the entire Sermon on the Mount. Matthew, compared to the first few men (Peter, Andrew, James, and John) whom Jesus chose (who were fishermen), was skilled that he handled accounts of figures being a tax collector and obviously equipped with the pen. More so, he chose to leave his ludicrous post to be with Jesus and become an evangelist. It is to be recalled when a certain man holding many riches wants to be one of Christ’s disciples. Jesus told this man â€Å"If you want to be perfect, go sell your belongings and give to the poor and you will have treasure in heaven, and come be my follower.† However, the man refused to let go of his belongings and went away grieved. (Matthew: 19:21-22). Quoted on Papias, one

Schindler's List Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Schindler's List - Essay Example This essay focuses on the use of expression within the film, that is one which is able to create a specific response by using various techniques. It is the use of cinematic effects that allows the film to have specific meaning and to create a relationship to the spectator. When reviewing â€Å"Schindler’s List,† it can be seen that the specific techniques in the movie make a difference in the impact that is felt with the horrors of the Holocaust. The ability for the director to adapt the film from the book to the screen is reliant on these techniques to convey the same message as the book. Instead of using the literature as a direct statement on film, there are interpretations of the descriptions of the literature, specifically to create the same impact that is on the film that is in the book and which relates to the Holocaust. The similarities between these two come from the main goal of creating a memory of the Holocaust while presenting an emotional understanding of the tragedies which occurred and how this was associated with the main ideologies of the time frame. However, the book is able to present the information with details, layout of characters and scenes, and with personal associations and details that are described. In the movie, there is a shorter period of time, which leads to cuts and changes of the plot and the characters. While both are effectively able to show the tragedies of the Holocaust, the movie and text differ in the techniques which are used and the overall presentation which is created through the war.

Investigation on finding the Molar Mass of Butane Essay Example for Free

Investigation on finding the Molar Mass of Butane Essay Aim: To find the molar mass of butane, by finding the number of moles of gas in the container and comparing it to the mass of butane in the container Theory Butane (C4H10), also called n-butane, is the unbranched alkane with four carbon atoms, CH3CH2CH2CH3. Its only other isomer is methylpropane: CH(CH3)3. It is an organic compound which belongs to the alkane group or organic compounds. It is a highly flammable, colourless and odorless gas at r. t.p. this, along with the fact that is an easily liquedified gas, is why it is used in lighters as a fuel. Its Relative Molecular Mass is 58.12g, and it is barely soluble in water like most organic compounds: 0.0061 g/100 cm3, at 20 à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½C. In the experiment we shall find the mass of butane by calculating the change in mass of the lighter before and after the experiment. We shall find the number of moles in the container by finding the volume, pressure and temperature of butane inside the container, and then use the formula PV = nRT (where P: Absolute Pressure measured in millibars, V: Volume of gas measured in dm3,T: absolute temperature in Kelvin, and R is the universal gas constant, which equals to 83.14472 dm3à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½mbarà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½K-1à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½mol-1). Since we could not measure the temperature or pressure inside the container, we measured the atmospheric pressure and temperature. We assumed that if we waited for enough time, the temperature inside the container will be equal to the atmospheric temperature. Secondly, the atmospheric temperature = pressure inside the container and the pressure exerted by the column of water. The pressure exerted by the column of water = mgh. [Reference: www.wikipedia.com] Prediction I feel that the mass of one mole of butane will be approximately 58, as this is the RMM of Butane (correct to 0 d.p.). Apparatus * Lighter (filled with Butane) * Water * Trough * Digital Thermometer [à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ 0.01à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½C] * Top-pan balance [à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ 0.01g] * Burette [à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ 0.05 cm3] * Pressure Gauge [à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ 0.5mb] * Meter Rule [à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ 0.0005m] * Table showing Vapour Pressure of water at various Temperatures Modifications to Method * We dipped the lighter in water before any of the trials, and then dried it using ethanol in an attempt to reduce the margin of error in the mass reading due to water droplets sticking the lighter. * The Burette was filled completely with water. * We did not take the final volume reading when the level of water in the burette was equal level with the water in the trough. Instead, we measured the height of the water column above the level of water in the trough. * We found the volume of water between the tip of the cylinder and the 0cm3, and included that in our calculations of the volume of water. Fair Test * After every trial, we dipped the lighter in ethanol and then shook it to dry to ensure that was minimal inaccuracy in the mass reading due to water droplets sticking to the lighter. However, it is impossible to get rid of all the water droplets. Therefore we dipped the lighter in water and dried it using ethanol before any tests in an attempt to ensure that the extra mass (though minimal) due to water droplets on the lighter remained constant throughout the experiment and thus could be ignored. * We filled the burette completely with water, to ensure that no gases were inside the burette before the trial, which would have affect the pressure readings. * The pressure inside the container is equal to the pressure due to butane and moisture. Using a table, we shall find the pressure due moisture, and subtract it from our pressure reading to get the pressure due to butane alone. * We waited a little which after the trail before measuring the air temperature to ensure that the temperature of butane inside the burette was the same. * We used water inside the burette since butane barely dissolves in water. * We removed the metal piece at the top of the lighter, as water droplets could easily stick to it. Also, it ensured that the butane could not catch fire. Safe Test * We removed the metal piece of the lighter, to ensure the butane could not catch fire. * We were careful while dipping the lighter in ethanol, not to release butane as ethanol is flammable. Conclusion In the experiment, when we opened the nozzle of the lighter, butane escaped from the lighter, causing a decrease in mass of the butane inside the lighter. The butane rose to the top of the burette, since butane is less dense than water. This caused the pressure at the top of the butane to be greater than the atmospheric pressure. Since liquids are mostly incompressible, the increase pressure at the top, created a force on the top of the water column, pushing it down. Hence the volume of gas (butane and vapour) inside the burette would increase, causing the pressure of gas to decrease until it is equal to the atmospheric pressure. This process kept on occuring as more and more bubbles of butane and moisture reached the top, hence at the end of each trial the pressure inside the burrrete can be estimated to be equal to the atmospheric pressure. From the graph, it has been calculated that the RMM of butane is 53.946à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½60.2% using the formulae RMM = mass/n and pV= nRT. There are no anomalies, since the graph passes through the error bars of all 4 points. Evaluation In the experiment, the accuracy is fairly high as the experimental value for the RMM of butane is 54, while in theory it is 58.12 (percentage error of only 7.089%), which shows that very few systematic error occured during the experiment. This is also shown by the fact that the y-intercept is 0.0125, which is very close to 0, showing an almost completely proportional relationship between mass and n. Regarding the precision of error, the margin of error has been calculated as 60.2% and is far to high, resulting in a poor precision. However the experiment was more precise than this value of 60.2% shows it to be, because from the graph one can see that all the points lie close to the line of best fit. In the experiment, various errors could have occured, such as: Systematic Errors: * Error in readings of pressure due to high uncertainty. Random Errors: * The pressure due to the water column has no been taken into consideration. * We are assuming that the temperature inside the burette is equal to atmospheric pressure, which may not be true. * Water droplets may have still stuck to the lighter, causing an error in mass. To reduce the margin of error we could have: * Calculated the pressure exerted do to the water column, and subtracted it from the atmospheric pressure to find the pressure inside the container. * Taken a larger container than a burrette, so that we could release more butane and cause a larger change in mass, so that the uncertainty of 0.01g would have a smaller affect on the margin of error. * Used a seperate lighter for each trial, eliminating the error caused due to water droplets clinging to the sides of the lighter.

Mystical Motifs in Woolf’s Mrs. Dalloway Essay -- Virginia Woolf Mrs.

Mystical Motifs in Woolf’s Mrs. Dalloway The scholarship surrounding Woolf’s mysticism by and large focuses on a psychoanalytical approach. While this paper will somewhat attempt to move away from a psychoanalytical methodology, it is valuable to examine the existing scholarship and the departures from this approach. Within this theoretical structure, the critical discussion further breaks down into two separate, though not incompatible, groups: those who see Woolf’s use of mysticism as a feminist statement and those who see Woolf as a mystic. I contend that both perspectives are valid and are inherent in Woolf’s application of mystical motifs, particularly in Mrs. Dalloway. Val Gough in his article â€Å"With Some Irony in Her Interrogation: Woolf’s Ironic Mysticism† makes an argument for Woolf’s ironic use of mysticism in her works as a feminist statement. Through various syntactical subtleties, Gough points out areas in Woolf’s work where â€Å"the mystic quest for truth [is portrayed] in a subtly skeptical manner† (Gough 86). Gough extends her use of irony to examine how it serves â€Å"to de-naturalize the relationship between text and reader, to make it overtly complex and problematic† (88). He contends that irony, in operating between the reader and the text, serves to break down, to some extent, the â€Å"stability of the sign and of supposed ‘absolute’ truth† (88). Ultimately, he concludes that â€Å"Woolf’s ironic mysticism†¦necessarily involves a feminist challenging of rigid structures of phallic (and imperialist) power, thus making it a mysticism of subversive, politically critical, feminist irony† (89). Gough’s particular approach is interesting because it contends that an ironic mysticism is inherently politicized and specifica... ...ulie. â€Å"Varieties of Mystical Experience in the Writings of Virginia Woolf.† Twentieth Century Literature Vol 41 Iss 4 (1995): 328-349. Minow-Pinsky, Makiko. â€Å"‘How then does light return to the world after the eclipse of the sun? Miraculously, fraily†: A Psychoanalytic Interpretation of Woolf’s Mysticism.† Virginia Woolf and the Arts. Pace University Press: New York 1997. Moore, Madeline. The Short Season Between Two Silences: The Mystical and the Political in the Novels of Virginia Woolf. Allen & Unwin: Winchester, Mass 1984. Rachman, Shalom. â€Å"Clarissa’s Attic: Virginia Woolf’s Mrs. Dalloway Reconsidered.† Twentieth Century Literature Vol 18 Issue 1 (1972): 3-18 Smith, Susan Bennett. â€Å"Reinventing Grief Work: Virginia Woolf’s Feminist Representations of Mourning in Mrs. Dalloway and To The Lighthouse.† Twentieth Century Literature Vol 41 Iss 4 (1995): 310-327

Media Representation in Lgbt

Media and its representation of Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transsexual (LGBT) themes has been prevalent throughout time. According to the collections of studies and stories by Meem, Mitchell and Jonathan (2010) concerning LGBT individuals, it is important to represent such themes because it is able to enlighten people on how our society as a whole, has become dynamic. The Media can be seen as a â€Å"central source† where negative perceptions can be created. As a result, stereotypes can be either created or perpetuated about this group, negative or otherwise. Media as a medium, therefore, is an extremely powerful tool in our society, and can be used to change or create people's perceptions about this particular segment of our world (LGBT). Stereotyping people can be harmful and have long lasting effects on us as a society, â€Å"It can transform slight assumptions on people and make them perceived realities† (Meem, Mitchell; Jonathan 2010). Such stereotypes are capable of perpetuating inequality and social prejudice in society. However, it is imperative to note that stereotyping through the media is sometimes inevitable. In the case of television, stereotyping occurs through advertisements, news bulletins and entertainment. For films, stereotyping has been used as a form of marketing. The stereotypical codes give television and film audiences a common and quick way of understanding a particular person. In most cases, stereotypical codes focus on ethnicity, social roles, sexual orientation, occupation, race and gender. Most often, the groups being stereotyped may not defend themselves. They are usually the minority and raising their voices may make little or no impact. However, there are some measures, which have been instituted to help reduce stereotyping. For instance, media campaign against this vice has become useful in reducing stereotypes in society. However, the vice is still rampant in some sections of the media. â€Å"There are those who have a common tendency of thinking that the way people think and can be uniform across the globe† (Carroll, 2009). This is not true people are diverse and their mindsets also vary. This is mostly applicable in homosexuality whereby gays and lesbians are viewed to be outside the mainstream or dominant culture. With the emergence of gothic culture, it is probable to categorize them as being weird or abnormal. The dominant culture in this case refers to marriage and love relationships between people of different gender. Same sex marriages and behavioral patterns are prevalent in virtually all cultures. As Carroll (2009) documents, â€Å"same sex behavior is found in every culture, and its prevalence remains about the same† (p. 290). The media is a viable source of information in society such that televisions and films are very influential due to both sound and visual effect. These two mediums of communication are crucial in symbolic annihilations of lesbians and gays. According to Vollmer (2003), films and TVs tend to avoid integrating gays and lesbians in their programs for fear of offending advertisers, target audiences as well as investors. This kind of portrayal is not desirable because it denies them their human rights. The fact that they belong to a new generation culture does not mean that they should not enjoy their rights. With their visual effects, the two mediums of communication cultivate a perception that homosexuals are bad elements in society. They should not be given a chance to be heard if they have views to express. Due to fear of loosing audience and revenues, these two mediums of communication edit their programs to extent that audiences place homosexuals under the category of abhorred people. This has extended even in the ways they are covered in television news. â€Å"The issue of sexual orientation has been used as an indicator of villainy and deviance in children’s movies† (Vollmer, 2003). If children were to be shown movies that portray homosexuals as bad characters in society, then, they would grow up hating them. A negative perception is cultivated in such children. Such kinds of stereotypes can instigate violence in society. For example, a gay male may not be welcomed in a party due to his sexual orientation. It is only a question of ethics. Homosexuals are also put as either victims or villains in movies. They are depicted as belonging to a weird or foreign culture that cannot be tolerated. It is rare to have a movie that has the main character being gay or lesbian. If a girl begins to demonstrate some signs of male characteristics, she is referred to as a ‘tom-boy’. It is like a taboo to show such kinds of signs in a girl. On the other hand, if a male does not have masculine features, he is seen as an outcast. All of these perceptions are obtained from the media, and especially televisions and movies. According to Mehta and Hay (2005), media houses have for a long time helped to construct and reinforce stereotypical ideas about masculinity and men. From what is portrayed in the media, it is possible for people to dismiss others on the basis of whether they have masculinity or are feminine (Ferrey, 2008). Televisions and movies through their visual effects help define ‘a real man’. During advertisements, there are some particular aspects of man that are portrayed. A man who fails to have certain forms of male features may not be shown on TV or may not be considered for a film (Cohen ; Hall, 2009). Moreover, the marketing companies have started to objectifying men in the same manner women have been objectified. The fitness of a man, his muscles and general outlook count a lot in determining whether he is to feature in a program or not. Men are so used to this behavior, they do not see the need to object. Therefore, the media will never stop giving what one considers ‘good or real’ men airplay. Forming a type of segregation. A research study titled, Attitudes toward stereotypical versus counter-stereotypical gay men and lesbians indicates that six hundred and sixty two confessed gays, lesbians and bisexuals had contended with victimization in the society (Cohen ; Hall, 2009). Of those, 20% reported to have been attacked or abused because of their sexual orientation. In the year 2005, Federal Bureau had reported 1,171 of hate crime offenses took place because of homosexual orientation. This is the kind of segregation that has existed in the society for centuries. The major problem is because media and mostly electronic media show homosexuals as people who have undertaken ‘abnormal’ directions of life. They are not part of the mainstream culture. The only solution is for governments to create institutions that can help people understand that everybody should enjoy unlimited human rights. Forums can also help eradicated the notions cultivated by the media, about gays and lesbians and institute a culture of tolerance. In summary, no particular person should be segregated or discriminated on the basis of their sexuality. However, gender pre-judgments are still present in all media, the best remedy to help integrate all people no matter their sexuality, is to spend resources on education. Young people need to be taught tolerance and understanding in order to accept all kinds of people, regardless of their sexual orientation and direction. References Carroll, J. L. (2009). Sexuality now: embracing diversity. Belmont: CengageBrain Learning. Cohen, T. R. ; Hall, D. L. (2009). Attitudes toward stereotypical versus counter-stereotypical gay men and lesbians. Retrieved on 17th November 2011 from http://findarticles. om/p/articles/mi_m2372/is_4_46/ai_n35656044/ Ferrey, P. A. (2008). Gender Stereotypes persist. Retrieved on 17th November 2011 from http://www. nytimes. com/inc_com/inc1211198677212. html Meem, D. T. , Michelle A. G. , ; Jonathan A. (2010). Finding Out: An Introduction to LGBT Studies. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage. Mehta, V. P. ; Hay, K. (2005). A superhero for gays? Gay masculinity and green lantern . The Journal of American Culture, 28(4), 390-404. Vollmer, M. L. (2003). Gender transgression and villainy in animated film. Taylor ; Francis Journal, 1(2), 89-109.

Effective Communication - 1225 Words

Effective communication with children, young people and families Good communication is central to working with children, young people, families and carers. It helps build trust, and encourages them to seek advice and use services. It is key to establishing and maintaining relationships, and is an active process that involves listening, questioning, understanding and responding. You should always communicate with them appropriately to match the stage of development, personal circumstances, and needs of the person you’re talking to. It is important to be able to communicate both on a one-on-one basis and in a group. Communication is not just about the words you use, but also about the way you’re speaking and your body language. You need†¦show more content†¦Consultation and negotiation †¢ Consult the child or young person, and their parents or carers from the beginning of the process. †¢ Make informed judgements about how to involve children, young people, parents and carers in decisions as far as is possible and appropriate. Take account of their views and what they want to see happen. Be honest about the weight of their opinions and wishes. †¢ Inform, involve and help the child or young person to express what they are feeling. Help them to describe what they are experiencing and to assess different courses of action. Help them understand the consequences of each and, where appropriate, agree next steps. †¢ Recognise that different people have different interests in a situation and be able to work with them to reach the best and most fair conclusion for the child or young person. †¢ Share reasons for action with the child or young person and their parent or carer, unless to do so would increase the risk of harm to them or another pe rson. †¢ Judge when, and how, to hand over control of a situation to others. Knowledge How communication works †¢ Understand the value of the role of parents and carers, and know how and when to refer them to further sources of information, advice or support. †¢ Know that communication is a two-way process. †¢ Know how to listen to people, make them feel valued and involved. †¢ Understand theShow MoreRelatedCommunication : Effective And Effective Communication818 Words   |  4 PagesEffective communication is an extremely important piece in a business organization. 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